Bonus Tax Calculator 2025 β€” Percentage vs Aggregate Method

Calculate how much of your bonus you keep after tax. Compare the flat 22% percentage method vs aggregate method for federal withholding.

$
$
$
Year-to-date wages paid before this bonus
%
0% for TX, FL, WA, NV, etc.
Common bonus amounts:
$0
Bonus Take-Home (22% method)
$0
Federal Tax Withheld (22%)
$0
FICA Withheld
0%
Your Marginal Rate

Withholding Method Comparison

MethodFederal WithheldBonus Take-HomeNotes

Bonus Tax Computation (Percentage Method)

How Bonus Taxes Work

Your bonus is taxed as ordinary income β€” it's added on top of your regular wages. The IRS allows two withholding methods, but your actual annual tax bill is the same regardless:

Percentage Method: Employer withholds 22% flat for bonuses up to $1M (37% above). Simple and common.

Aggregate Method: Employer adds the bonus to your regular paycheck wages and calculates withholding on the combined amount. Results in higher withholding if your marginal rate exceeds 22%.

The Formula

Percentage Method: Federal Withholding = Bonus Γ— 22% (or 37% if bonus + YTD wages > $1M)
Aggregate Method: Withholding = Tax on (annualized regular pay + bonus) βˆ’ Tax on annualized regular pay
FICA = Bonus Γ— 7.65% (up to SS wage base)
State Tax = Bonus Γ— State Rate
Bonus Take-Home = Bonus βˆ’ All Withholding

Example

Sarah, Single, $75,000 salary, $10,000 bonus, 5% state tax:
Percentage method: Federal = $10,000 Γ— 22% = $2,200 | State = $500 | FICA = $765
Bonus take-home: $10,000 βˆ’ $2,200 βˆ’ $500 βˆ’ $765 = $6,535
Sarah's actual marginal rate is 22%, so the percentage method withholding matches her true liability exactly.
Extended

Method Comparison & 401k Strategy

Compare withholding methods and see how 401k contributions reduce bonus taxes

Detailed comparison showing what each method withholds and whether you'd owe or receive a refund.

ItemPercentage (22%)Aggregate MethodDifference

See how contributing your bonus to a 401(k) reduces your tax bill.

401(k) ContributionTaxable BonusFederal Tax (22%)Take-Home Cash

Frequently Asked Questions

How is a bonus taxed?
Bonuses are considered "supplemental wages" and can be taxed two ways: (1) the percentage method β€” a flat 22% federal withholding on bonuses up to $1,000,000 (37% above that), or (2) the aggregate method β€” the bonus is added to your regular salary and the combined amount is taxed at your regular withholding rate. Both methods result in the same annual tax liability; they only differ in how much is withheld.
What is the flat 22% bonus tax rate?
The IRS allows employers to withhold a flat 22% for federal income tax on supplemental wages up to $1,000,000 when paid separately from regular wages. This is just withholding β€” your actual tax liability is determined at year-end based on total income. If your marginal rate is below 22%, you'll get a refund; if above, you'll owe more.
Which method results in lower withholding β€” percentage or aggregate?
It depends on your tax situation. The percentage method (22%) results in lower withholding if your marginal rate exceeds 22% (incomes above ~$103,350 for single filers). The aggregate method can result in lower withholding for lower-income earners whose marginal rate is below 22%. However, final tax liability is identical either way.
Does FICA apply to bonus income?
Yes. Social Security tax (6.2%) applies to your bonus up to the $176,100 annual wage base. Medicare (1.45%) applies to all bonus income. If your year-to-date wages already exceed $176,100 before the bonus, no additional Social Security tax is withheld on the bonus.
How can I reduce taxes on my bonus?
Legal strategies include: contributing the bonus directly to your 401(k) (if your employer allows, up to the $23,500 annual limit), contributing to an HSA, or timing the bonus to a year when your income is lower. You cannot defer the tax itself but can reduce taxable income through qualified retirement and health account contributions.